Crython

Crython is a simple module that enables you to schedule code to execute at various times, every second, every 10 seconds, minute, day or hour.

Using pip type:
sudo pip install crython

A simple example code is shown below, this prints the statement "example of crython" out every second, 

import crython

@crython.job(seconds='*')
def example():
      print "example of crython"

crython.tab.start()

Basic time settings:
seconds:  (seconds='*')
every four seconds:  (seconds='*/4')
every minute:  (second='0')

@yearly / @annually
Run once a year at midnight, January 1st
@monthly
Run once a month at midnight in the morning of the first of the month
@weekly
Run once a week at midnight in the morning of Sunday
@daily
Run once a day at midnight
@hourly
Run once an hour at the beginning of the hour
@minutely
Run once a minute at the beginning of the minute
@reboot
Run once at startup

 Twython

Allows you to access twitter via Python and the Twitter API:  Requires your own account and authorisation codes and tokens.  

Install the python setup tools and pip, use this to install the Twython module that will allow the communication between the twitter API and Python.

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools 
sudo easy_install pip 
sudo pip install twython

see link for more details 

Tweepy

Tweepy is the official Python Twitter module that can be combined with the Twitter API tokens and used to update users timelines and return search data,

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools 
sudo easy_install pip 
sudo pip install tweepy
or
git clone https://github.com/tweepy/tweepy.git 
python setup.py install

WinSound

coming soon

Espeak

espeak is a text to speak translation module that works across a variety of platforms.  The voice is fairly robotic but can be coded to produce a more natural sound.
sudo apt-get install espeak python-espeak

PyPNG

This module enables Python to work with PNG files, importing and exporting them,  More details here 

Flask

Flask is an web framework that turns your Raspberry Pi into a webserver,  to install Flask you may first need to install , 

In the LX Terminal:
sudo apt-get install python-pip

Once installed use pip to then install Flask
sudo pip install flask.

EasyGUI

easyGUI is a simple starter module for programming and coding with GUIs with Python.  

Download the module here
(easyGUI  is no longer begin developed as of Effective March 6, 2013, but still works!)

Mechanize

Mechanize library is used for automating interaction with websites, automatically stores and sends cookies, follows redirects, and can follow links and submit forms. 

PyBluez

PyBluez is an effort to create python wrappers around system Bluetooth resources to allow Python developers to easily and quickly create Bluetooth applications

MP3 Player

MP3 123 is a simple MP3 player for the Python, from the terminal type, sudo apt-get install mpg321 

PIP

PIP enables you to easily install Python libraries, first use the code below to install pip:
sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev
sudo pip install -U pip
then to say install flash type,
sudo pip install flask
Easy!